Apparatus for making coke



Sept. 4, I C. HfMcKlNNEY 2,384,184

APPARATUS F'oR MAKING COKE e@ 2f@ 2, we

Sept. 4, 1945. c. H. McKlNNl-:Y

APPARATUS FOR MAKING COKE Filed Jan. 18, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 sept. 4, 1945.

C. H. MCKINNEY APPARATUS Fon MAKING coxE Filed Jan. 18, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 c. H. McKlNNEY 2,384,184

APPARATUS' FOR MAKING COKE Filed Jan. 18, 1943 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Sept. 4, 1945.

Patented Sept. 4, 1945 APPARATUS FOR MAKING COKE Corina Hartsol McKinney, Carbondale, Ill., assignor to Walter E. Ackermann, Belleville, Ill.

Application January 18, 1943, Serial No. 472,680

(Cl. 202-97l 9 Claims.

My invention relates to the coking oi coal and,

more particularly, to a device or apparatus forI making coke.

It has for its principal objects to devise a device or apparatus for the manufacturing of coke which has means for applying pressure to the coal as it is being coked: which will produce an improved fuel in which the volatile matter, as well as, the density of the coke has been carefully controlled; which is of simple and durable construc-i tion; and which will permit the heat of the colan ing furnace to readily reach the coal, thus producing coke more economically and more rapidly than is possible with present day methods.

My invention consists principally in a device having a series of spaced immovable partitions, a movable partition between each of said immovable partitions and means for moving said movable partitions and applying pressure on the coal in the device while the coal is being coked. It also consists in the device and apparatus and parts and combinations and arrangements of parts hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, which form part of the specification and wherein like reference numerals refer to like parts wherever they occur,

Figs. 1 and 2 are diagrammatic top and side elevational views, respectively, of a coking device embodying my invention within a coking furnace, the furnace being shown in section in each view,

Fig. 3 is a sectional View taken on the line I--I in Fig. 2,

Fig. 4 is an enlarged'fragmentary side elevational view of said device,

Fig. 5 is an enlarged end view of the coking device in the coking furnace,

Fig. 6 is a sectional view taken on the line i-I in Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 is a sectional view taken on the line 'l-l in Fig. 4,

Fig. 8 is a sectional in Fig. 6,

Fig. 9 is an enlarged front view of one of the wheeled axles, adjacent parts being shown in section,

Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 8 showing the movable partitions back against the immovable partitions and the compartments illled with coal,

Fig. 11 is a rear elevational view of one of the movable partitions,

Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken on the line iii-I2 in Fig.` l1,

Fig. 13 is a rear elevational view of one of the sections forming the immovable partitions,

view taken on the line $-8 modiilcation shown in Fig. 18.

Fig. 14 is a top plan view of the section shown in Fig. i3,

Fig. l5 is a sectional View taken on the line l5|5 in Fig. 13,

Fig. 16 is a perspective view of one of the draw bars,

Fig. 17 is a perspective view or a modied form of draw bar; and

Fig. 18 is a view similar to Fig. 1o showing a modiilcation in which a cover plate is used,

Fig. 19 is a horizontal sectional View of the The coking device illustrated in the drawings comprises generally an open or covered top rectangular-shaped carriage or coal receiving unit i and a furnace door 2 which is preferably secured to one end of said unit. The carriage has a series of spaced parallel immovable partitions 3 extending transversely across the inside thereof, openings l of any desired size and shape through the bottom of the carriage adjacent to the corren sponding side oi' each immovable partition, slots 5 through the sides of the carriage, movable partitions i between the immovable partitions to form coal receiving compartments 1, partitions 6 having ears 8 extending through the slots in the sides of the carriage, draw or pull bars 9 extending longitudinally of said carriage having said ears secured thereto, and hydraulic jaclis i0 secured to the outside of said furnace door 2 for moving said pull bars whereby said movable partitions may be moved toward or away from said immovable partitions.

As shown diagrammatically in Figs. 1 and 2, the coking furnace' or oven i I may be of any suitable construction and comprises side walls i2 and end walls I3 enclosing a coking chamber, one of said end lwalls having a doorway or opening i1 therethrough for the removaland entry of the carriage I. e

The lower portion o! the furnace has benches or steps Il of any suitable material positioned-on each side thereof and each step has a rail or track I6 having a foot l1 extending longitudinally thereof which is secured to the step with bolts il. The rails I8 mounted on the steps are parallel and extend longitudinally of the length of the furnace. Extending transversely across the furnace and spaced apart are a series of parallel axles I9 having anged wheels 2li ilxed thereon, the end portions of said axles projecting outwardly beyond said wheels. The end portions oi' `the axles extending beyond the wheels rest on the rails and -are adapted to roll thereon. Pairs of longitudinally spaced upstanding stop lugs 2| having feet 22 which are secured to the steps with bolts 23 are spaced longitudinally of said chamber and each pair of stop lugs is ctdapted te limit the roll of the axles on the rails when the carriage is removed from the furnace.

All of the axles except the first two adjacent to -the furnace opening are of the same length and all of the stop lugs except the first two pairs are spaced. 'the same transverse distance apart. However, the second axle |90. is of less length than the succeeding axles and the rst ISb is of less length than the second. Likewise, the space between the second pair 2|a of stop lugs is less than that between the succeeding pairs and the space between the rst pair 2|b is less than that of the second. Thus, in removing the carriage from the furnace, the second axle will roll past the third pair of stop lugs but will be stopped by the second pair while the first axle will roll past the second pair of stop lugs but will be stopped by the rst pair.

Channel-shaped rails 24 positioned on their sides extend longitudinally of the carriage and are secured to flanges 25 depending from the bottom of the carriage by nuts These rails rest on the wheels adjacent to the wheel flanges 28a and the carriage is adapted to be removed from the furnace by these rails moving on the wheels.

More specifically, the carriage comprises the furnace door 2 which is hollow and has tubular` strengthening members 28 extending across the inside thereof. The inside of the door is preferably illled with any insulating material to prevent the loss of heat from the furnace during coking operations. The top and sides of the door slope inwardly and the top and sides of the furnace opening also slope'inwardly so that the door will seal the opening when the carriage is placed in the furnace. The bottom of the furnace opening is on a level with the top of the 26 and bolts TL wheel so that the carriage may be easily removed from the furnace.

For economy and ease of manufacture, the carriage preferably comprises a series of sections 28 bolted together but, if desirable, it may be cast in one piece. Each section 28 comprises an end wall 3 forming one of the immovable partitions,

Extending longitudinally of the carriage and mounted in the guide openings 35 are the draw bars 9 having slots 39 therethrough to receive the ends of said movable partition ears 8. In Fig. i7 a modied form of draw bar is shown which may be used if adjustment of the movable partitions is desirable. Groups of two adjacent slots 40 are provided, either of which may be used to retain an ear 8. These draw bars extend through the furnace door 2 and are secured at their ends to a plate 4| on the outside of said door. Mounted on the outside of said furnace door between said furnace door 2 and said plate 4| are the jacks or other pressure devices I|l adapted to move said plate inwardly or outwardly. Said jacks may have hose connections 43 leading to any suitable pressure tank sure of which may be controlled in any suitable means.

A base plate furnace door 2 integral with said door, said plate having supporting rods'or bars 45 provided therefor.

Said base plate rests on a long roller 46 journaled in suitable supports 41 and extending transversely across the front of said carriage.

The operation of my device is simple. The movable partitions 6 are moved adjacent to the immovable partititions 3 so that they cover or partially cover the openings 4 through the bottom of the carriage. Coal or coking material is put into the receiving compartments 1 of the carriage and the device is pushed into the furnace. The coal or coking material may preferably be first pressed into blocks and preheated 44 extending outwardly from the and then the blocks of coking material may be inserted in the receiving compartments of the carrlage. The coking furnace is heated and after the carriage is in place in the furnace, the jacks 42 are set in operation so that the plate 4| pulling the draw bars 9 has a pressure thereon tending to push said plate from the door. Thus, there is a pressure exerted on the movable partitions 8 tending to move them away from the ada bottom 30, side walls 3| having flanges 32 projecting outwardly from the ends thereof. These flanges have openings extending therethrough and the sections are secured together to form the carriage I by bolts 33 extending through the flange openings in adjacent sections. The bolts are secured by nuts 34 screwed thereon. As described above, the bottoms of each section has depending flanges 25 to which the channelshaped rails 24 are secured. Also as mentioned before, the sides 3| of each section have slots 5 therethrough a`nd openings 35 between the outwardly projecting flanges 32 form guides for the pull bars 8. The bottom 30 of the open end of each section is preferably serrated to form theopenings 4 when the sections are bolted together. The endmost section is secured to the door with bolts 36.

Between the immovable partitions 3 are placed the movable partitions 6. These movable partitions liave ears 8 projecting therefrom which extend through the slots 5 in the sides 3| of the carriage. Each partition has tapering plates 31 integral therewith at the ends thereof Ywhich move adjacent to the side walls of the carriage. The backs' of the movable partitions have strengthening ribs 38 thereon.

r jacent immovable partitions 3. As the volatile is driven off and the coal or coking material becomes plastic or semi-fluid the movable partitions continued to move away from the immovable partitions immediately in the rear of each movable partition: The openings 4 through the bottom of the carriage and the open space formed betweenl the immovable and movable partitions permits the heat of the furnace to readily reach the parti-r tions, keeping them hot. After the carriage has been in the furnace a predetermined time, the jacks are released and the carriage is removed from the furnace. The jacks are then reversed and the movable partitions are moved back to their original position adjacent to immovable partitions. The wedge-shaped plates 31 on the movable partitions keep the coke from stickingA or adhering to the sides of the carriage so that.,l

when the carriage is turned over by a car dump or other suitable means, the coke readily falls from the carriage. After the carriage is emptied,

. it is again filled with coalor coking material and the operation is repeated.

In the modification shown in Figs. 18 and` 19, the construction is similar to that described above except that lids or plates 48 are provided for the coal receiving compartments to keep the molten or plastic coal or coking material from bubbling over the sides of the carriage. These plates are preferably formedintegral with the immovable partitions 3 and are tapered to conform to the (not shown), the presis provided which is preferably s 2,sa4,1s4 3 tively rapidlyas the heat readily reaches the coal to plastii'y it. Also, the pressure tends to speed up the time required for coking. Less heat is required to coke the fuel in my device as the coal is at all times in direct contact with the hot metal plates. 'Ihe advantages of my device are also obtainable by placing the coal or coking compartments horizontal instead of perpendicular as heretofore described,

Obviously, numerous modiiications may be made and I do not wish to be limited to the precise device shown. For instance, as shown in Figs. i and 5, the uuid pressure supply pipe "a for the pipes 43 leading to the jacks Il may be provided with a suitable pressure relief valve b adapted to open at a.predetermined pressure and permit the fluid to escape from the jacks when the coke expands in the compartments 1 and tends to move the movable pressure plates l away fromv the immovable plates l cooperating therewith.

What I claim is: l. A coal carriage adapted for insertion in and removal from a coking oven as a complete selfcontained unit, said carriage comprising a series oi' spaced immovable partitions, a seriesof movable partitions between said immovable partitions forming compartments in said carriage for receiving coal to be coked. and means for positively moving the entire series of movable partitions so as to apply substantially uniform pressure to the coal in all of said compartments as it is coked therein.

2. A coal carriage adapted for insertion in and removal from a coking'oven as a complete selfcontained unit, said carriage comprising a series of spaced parallel immovable walls extending transversely thereacross, a series of parallel movable walls between said immovable walls, forming compartments in said carriage for receiving coal to be coked, 'and means for positively moving Y vbeing yieldable under a predetermined pressure due to expansion ot the coal in said compartments.

3. A coal carriage adapted for insertion in and removal from a cokingvoven as a complete selfcontained unit, said carriage comprising a series of spaced parallel immovable partitions extending transversely thereacross, openings through said carriage adjacent to one side of said partitions, movable partitions positioned adjacent to .said immovable partitions and forming therewith compartments in said carriage for the reception of coal and closures for preventing communication with said compartments through said openings, and means for moving said movable partitions awfrosn saidimm'ovable partitions whereby pressure may be exerted on -ooal as ltisbeing 4. carriage adapted for insertion in and removal from a coking oven as a complete self-- contained unit, said carriage comprising a series of spaced parallel immovable partitions extending transversely thereacross, movable partitions between said immovable partitions and parallel therewith positioned adjacent to said immovable partitions to form compartments for the reception of coal, openings through the bottom of said carriage adjacent to said movable partitions, pull bars disposed lengthwise of said carriage on opposite sides thereof, means for securing said movable partitions to said pull bars, and means for moving said pull bars whereby said movable partitions may be moved to apply pressure to the coal as it is being coked.

5. A coklng device comprising a carriage having a series of spaced parallel immovable partitions extending transversely thereacross. said carriage having slots through the side walls thereof, movable partitions between said immovable partitions positioned adjacent to said immovable partitions to form compartments for receiving coal, said movable partitions having ears projecting through said slots, pull bars having openings therethrough for receiving said ears, said ears positioned in said openings, openings through the bottom of said carriage covered by said movable partitions, and hydraulic jacks for moving said pullr bars whereby said movable partitions may be moved to apply pressure to the coal `as it is being coked.

6. A coalcarriage adapted for insertion in and removal from a coking furnace through an opening therein as a complete preassembled unit, said carriage comprising a front wall adapted to constitute a closure for the carriage receiving opening in said furnace when said carriage is inserted therein, a series oi' immovable partitions. a series of movable partitions between said immovable partitions forming compartments for the reception of coal, and means for moving said movable partitions whereby pressure may be applied to the coal as it is coked.

7. A coal carriage adapted for. insertion in and removal from a coking furnace through an' opening therein as a complete preassembled unit, said carriage comprising a front wall adapted to con stitute a closure for the carriage receiving opening in said furnace when said carriage is inserted therein, a series of spaced parallel immovable partitions extending transversely thereacross,

Y openings through said carriage adjacent to one side of said partitions, movable partitions positloned adjacent to said immovable partitions and Y forming therewith compartments in said carriage Vfor the reception of coal and closures for preventing communication with said compartments through said openings, and means for moving sald'movable partitions away from said immovable partitions whereby pressure may be exerted to form compartments for the reception of coal,A

openings through said carriage adjacent to said movable partitions, -pull bars, said movable partitions secured to said pull bars, said pull bars extending through said fu'nace door and the ends of said pull bars secured' to a plate, and hydraulic .lacks mounted on the outside of said furnace door for moving said plate whereby said movable partitions may b e moved by said pull bars to apply pressure to said coal as it is being coked.

9. A coking device comprising a carriage havingY a cokina furnace door at one end thereof and a series of spacedparallel immovable partitions extending transversely thereacross, said carriage having slots through the side walls thereof. movable partitions between said immovable partitions positioned adjacent to said immovable partitions to form-compartments for the reception of coal, said movable partitions having 

